Female arousal is the result of sexual stimulation and pleasure. When you are aroused, the genital area feels swell and darken in colour. Also, glands secrete a clear fluid which lubricate the vagina and vulva – the amount differs from person to person and is affected by hormonal changes.

As sexual stimulation occurs, the heartbeat increases, breathing accelerates, and muscle tension increases. The clitoris may become sensitive to touch. Then, the climax (orgasm) is reached at the peak of sexual arousal, with muscles contracting, and a sensation of release. Some people notice that a small amount of milky white fluid is expelled from the urethra when they orgasm – this is sometimes termed as ‘female ejaculation’(2). 

Female arousal is essential for female orgasm and be closely linked to desire. Many women do not experience sexual desire until they are stimulated enough to become aroused, especially during menopause (2,3). However, this is known as responsive desire, as opposed to spontaneous desire

Menopausal changes that influence female arousal

During the menopause, changes in hormone levels; mainly a decrease in oestrogen  and testosterone, can negatively affect female arousal. Among the changes associated with decreased sexual response that you may easily notice are (4,5,6): 

• Reduced vaginal lubrication during female arousal, leading to vaginal dryness. 

• Low sensitivity to physical contact and caressing of the vulva. 

• Discomfort and pain during sexual intercourse. 

• Lack of interest in sex. 

• Hot flushes and night sweats. 

• Decreased vaginal elasticity. 

• The tissues of the vagina become thinner. 

Tips for female arousal during menopause

Read on to find out more (6,7,8): 

Don't reduce sexual activity

It may sound counterintuitive due to the loss of interest in sex; however, don't let this hold you back. Frequent sex can increase blood flow to the vagina and maintain healthy tissues; and positive sexual experiences and associations are more likely to increase desire for future activity. 

Engage in self-exploration and experimentation including masturbation and partnered sex. To enhance sexual pleasure, consider exploring erotic literature, audio, visuals, or games. Whether alone or with a partner, experiment with touch, different sensations, and stimulation to discover what excites you. 

Partnered exploration offers an opportunity to understand each other's bodies and preferences. Some individuals enjoy the sensation of having the G-spot stimulated. Through exploration, you can discover if this is a pleasurable experience for you." 

Use lubricants

After menopause (once not had a period for 12 months), you no longer need to worry about taking different types of contraceptives, but use lubricants, creams, and moisturisers to relieve vaginal dryness. This can help make sex more comfortable and pleasurable, and therefore increase your libido, because it reduces pain or discomfort. 

But take it easy! Don't choose a lubricant without first consulting your doctor. There is a wide variety and if you don't use the right one for you, it can cause irritation.

Exercise

Physical activity not only help to combat weight gain but can also help improve your mood. Exercising induces the release of endorphins, which can reduce stress and trigger positive emotions. As a result, you'll be more willing to have sex and maintain your sexual health. 

Now, if you don't feel comfortable exercising, you can take up another activity that you are interested in. The point is to do something you enjoy so it doesn't feel like work. 

To achieve female arousal practice Kegel exercises

Kegel exercises can help you strengthen your pelvic muscles and improve sensations during sex. They are easy to do, and the best thing is that you can do them anywhere, anytime. 

Communicate with your partner

 If you have a partner, it is ideal to share your new needs in relation to sex or changing desires.The menopause is a natural occurrence as are the changes that go with it. Decreased sexual arousal may be influenced by physical symptoms, but it's also important to consider emotional and mental factors. Therefore, feeling connected with your partner  

• Help you enjoy and desire sexual intimacy. 

• Be a great source of support you need to cope with all the changes that menopause often brings. 

Explore ways together to enhance your sexual experience, whether through trying new techniques, experimenting with aphrodisiac foods, or focusing on general intimacy and romance. These efforts can strengthen your bond, deepen your understanding of each other, and enhance your mutual pleasure. 

Facing menopause can be uncomfortable because of the changes you experience, such as difficulty in achieving female arousal; however, it’s no reason to stop enjoying your sex life. With these tips, everything can get better. Put them into practice and be encouraged to continue taking advantage of all the benefits of sex. 

References

1. Conn A, Hodges K. Overview of female sexual function and dysfunction. MSD Manual; 2022. Available from: https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/overview-of-female-sexual-function-and-dysfunction 
2. Healthwise. Female Sexual response. Cigna; 2021. Available from: https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/female-sexual-response-tn10107 
3. Alkon C, Atkins A. Women and orgasm: facts about the female climax. Every Health; 2022. Available from: https://www.everydayhealth.com/sexual-health/the-female-orgasm.aspx 
4. NAMS. Decreased arousal. The North American Menopause Society. Available from: https://www.menopause.org/for-women/sexual-health-menopause-online/sexual-problems-at-midlife/decreased-arousal 
5. Johnson T. Sex and menopause. WebMD; 2021. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/menopause/guide/sex-menopause 
6. Hersh E. Does menopause affect your libido. Healthline; 2020. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/menopause/menopause-libido 
7. Nall R. How does menopause affect sex drive. Medical News Today; 2022. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320266 
8. NAMS. How to increase your sexual desire during menopause. The North American Menopause Society. Available from: https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopauseflashes/sexual-health/how-to-increase-your-sexual-desire-during-menopause